In Vivo Analysis of the Mechanisms for Oxidation of Cytosolic NADH During respiratory glucose dissimilation, eukaryotes produce cytosolic NADH via glycolysis. This NADH has to be reoxidized outside the mitochondria, because the mitochondrial inner membrane is impermeable to NADH. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, this may involve external NADH dehydrogenases (Nde1p or Nde2p) and/or a glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle…
Energy dependence of restitution in the gastric mucosa Cheng, Aaron M., Sarah W. Morrison, David X. Yang, and Susan J. Hagen. Energy dependence of restitution in the gastric mucosa. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281: C430–C438, 2001.—Rapid epithelial repair (restitution) after injury is required to maintain barrier function of the gastrointestinal mucosa and skin and…
Correlation of NADH and Ca2+ signals Relationships between calcium signals and NADH responses were investigated in pancreatic acinar cells stimulated with calcium-releasing secretagogues. Cytosolic calcium signals were studied using Fura Red or calcium-sensitive Cl_ current. Mitochondrial calcium was measured using Rhod-2. The highest levels of NADH autofluorescence were found around the secretory granule region. Stimulation…
Ca2+, NAD(P)H and membrane potential The present studywas undertaken to determine the main metabolic secretory signals generated by the mitochondrial substrate MeS (methyl succinate) compared with glucose in mouse and rat islets and to understand the differences. Glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism both have key roles in the stimulation of insulin secretion by glucose. Both fuels…
Ca2+ controls slow NAD(P)H oscillations in glucose-stimulated mouse pancreatic islets Exposure of pancreatic islets of Langerhans to physiological concentrations of glucose leads to secretion of insulin in an oscillatory pattern. The oscillations in insulin secretion are associated with oscillations in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c). Evidence suggests that the oscillations in [Ca2+]c and secretion are driven…
Age Related Changes in NAD+ Metabolism Oxidative Stress Introduction Multiple degenerative processes are implicated in natural senescence. As aging is associated with progressive decline in organ function, elucidating the complex pathways controlling the rate of aging is of significant clinical importance [1]. An important mechanism contributing to aging is oxidative stress. The ‘‘freeradical theory of…