Correlation of NADH and Ca2+ signals Relationships between calcium signals and NADH responses were investigated in pancreatic acinar cells stimulated with calcium-releasing secretagogues. Cytosolic calcium signals were studied using Fura Red or calcium-sensitive Cl_ current. Mitochondrial calcium was measured using Rhod-2. The highest levels of NADH autofluorescence were found around the secretory granule region. Stimulation…
Ca2+, NAD(P)H and membrane potential The present studywas undertaken to determine the main metabolic secretory signals generated by the mitochondrial substrate MeS (methyl succinate) compared with glucose in mouse and rat islets and to understand the differences. Glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism both have key roles in the stimulation of insulin secretion by glucose. Both fuels…
Ca2+ controls slow NAD(P)H oscillations in glucose-stimulated mouse pancreatic islets Exposure of pancreatic islets of Langerhans to physiological concentrations of glucose leads to secretion of insulin in an oscillatory pattern. The oscillations in insulin secretion are associated with oscillations in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c). Evidence suggests that the oscillations in [Ca2+]c and secretion are driven…
Aging, proteotoxicity, mitochondria, glycation, NAD and It is suggested that NAD+ availability strongly affects cellular aging and organism lifespan: low NAD+ availability increases intracellular levels of glycolytic triose phosphates (glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone-phosphate) which, if not further metabolized, decompose spontaneously into methylglyoxal (MG), a glycating agent and source of protein and mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive…
Age Related Changes in NAD+ Metabolism Oxidative Stress Introduction Multiple degenerative processes are implicated in natural senescence. As aging is associated with progressive decline in organ function, elucidating the complex pathways controlling the rate of aging is of significant clinical importance [1]. An important mechanism contributing to aging is oxidative stress. The ‘‘freeradical theory of…